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Civics Hub·How-To·Voting & Elections

Voting & Elections

How to run for U.S. Congress

Running for Congress requires meeting constitutional eligibility requirements, filing with the FEC, and qualifying for the ballot in your state — each of which has its own process and deadlines.

6–18 months from decision to Election Day
$Filing fees: $0–$1,740 depending on state and chamber; campaign costs vary widely
Federal

FEC registration is federal. Ballot access requirements — petition signatures, filing fees, deadlines — are set by each state.

Last reviewed: June 5, 2026

What you will need

  • FEC Form 2 — Statement of Candidacy
  • FEC Form 1 — Statement of Organization (for your campaign committee)
  • State filing documents (declaration of candidacy, petition signatures, or filing fee — varies by state)
  • Government-issued ID (for state filing)

Steps

1

Confirm you meet the constitutional requirements

The U.S. Constitution sets minimum qualifications that cannot be waived.

  • House: at least 25 years old, U.S. citizen for at least 7 years, resident of the state you represent
  • Senate: at least 30 years old, U.S. citizen for at least 9 years, resident of the state you represent
2

Register as a candidate with the FEC

Once you raise or spend more than $5,000 for your campaign, you are legally required to register with the Federal Election Commission within 15 days. File FEC Form 2 (Statement of Candidacy) and FEC Form 1 (Statement of Organization) for your campaign committee.

Tip: You should register early — FEC registration establishes your legal campaign structure and allows you to begin raising money officially.

3

Open a campaign bank account

Your campaign committee must have a dedicated bank account. All contributions must be deposited here and all expenditures made from it. Commingling campaign and personal funds is illegal.

4

Qualify for your state's primary ballot

Each state has its own process for getting on the primary ballot. Most require filing a declaration of candidacy with the state election office and paying a filing fee or submitting a petition with a required number of registered voter signatures.

Tip: Check your state's Secretary of State website for exact deadlines — they often fall 3–6 months before the primary.

5

Win your party's primary

In most states, you compete in a party primary to become the official nominee. Some states use conventions or caucuses. A few use ranked-choice or top-two primary systems.

6

File required FEC reports throughout the campaign

All federal campaigns must file regular financial reports with the FEC disclosing contributions received and expenditures made. Reports are filed quarterly, with additional pre-election and post-election filings.