Benefits
How to apply for Social Security Disability (SSDI)
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) provides income to people who can no longer work because of a serious medical condition. Eligibility requires both a sufficient work history and a qualifying disability.
Last reviewed: June 5, 2026
Steps
Confirm you meet the work history requirement
SSDI is an earned benefit funded by Social Security payroll taxes. To qualify, you generally need 40 work credits — roughly 10 years of work history — though younger workers need fewer credits. You can check your credit history at ssa.gov/myaccount.
Confirm your condition is expected to last 12+ months
Social Security's definition of disability is strict: your condition must prevent you from doing any substantial work and is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death. Short-term or partial disabilities typically do not qualify.
Gather medical documentation
The strength of your medical records is the most important factor in your claim. Collect records from all treating physicians, hospital visits, lab results, and specialist reports related to your condition.
Tip: SSA needs records showing how your condition limits your daily functioning — not just a diagnosis. Ask your doctor to document specific functional limitations.
Apply online, by phone, or in person
Apply at ssa.gov/disability, by calling 1-800-772-1213, or at your local SSA office. The online application saves your progress and can be completed over multiple sessions.
Cooperate with the review process
Your application is reviewed by a state Disability Determination Services (DDS) agency. They may schedule you for an independent medical examination. Respond to all requests promptly.
Appeal if denied
About 70% of initial claims are denied. If denied, you have 60 days to request reconsideration. If denied again, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge — this stage has a significantly higher approval rate.
Tip: Hiring a disability attorney at the appeals stage significantly improves approval odds. Because fees are capped by law and paid only if you win, there is no upfront cost.